Energy Policy
Saravanakumar V; Balu P; Saravanan C; Navaneetha Krishnan P
Abstract
Renewable and cleaner diesel engine fuel has received a lot of attention recently as a result of the depletion of fossil resources. In light of this, biodiesel has proven to be a viable substitute for diesel fuel. The finest B20 Jamun blends were combined with three different types of nano-additives ...
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Renewable and cleaner diesel engine fuel has received a lot of attention recently as a result of the depletion of fossil resources. In light of this, biodiesel has proven to be a viable substitute for diesel fuel. The finest B20 Jamun blends were combined with three different types of nano-additives to create Syzygium cumini (Jamun) biodiesel, which was tested in a naturally aspirated diesel engine. Global researchers are increasingly developing novel nano-additives, recognizing them as a promising and effective approach for enhancing fuel properties and engine performance. This technology was combined with different biodiesels. Also included in this chapter is an examination of a test engine using three distinct nano-additives: titanium dioxide (TiO2), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), and cerium oxide (CeO2). These additives were combined to create the best blends of Syzygium cumini (B20), and the results were evaluated based on factors such as performance, combustion, and output emissions. Additionally, a proposal is made to further improve the construction of a realistic and economically feasible nanoparticle addition for diesel and biodiesel fuel.
Fuel Cells
M. Rostami; A. H. Farajollahi; F. Bagherpor; V. Sfandiyar
Abstract
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) produce high power density efficiently and in a pollution-free way. Therefore, it is employed in UAVs. Flow fields play key role in the performance of PEMFC-powered UAVs. In this study, a novel flow field named modified combined was introduced and investigated ...
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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) produce high power density efficiently and in a pollution-free way. Therefore, it is employed in UAVs. Flow fields play key role in the performance of PEMFC-powered UAVs. In this study, a novel flow field named modified combined was introduced and investigated by a three-dimensional and two-phase PEMFC model. In the flow field main channels are tapered aiming to reinforce the performance. The study consists of two steps. In the first stage, modified combined was compared with parallel, serpentine, interdigitated, and combined. The results showed that in the modified combined compared with simple combined, pressure drop decreased 22.6%. Modified combined demonstrated suitable oxygen distribution and appropriate management and the specific power of modified combined is the highest value among all flow fields. Finally, the effect of atmospheric conditions on the performance of the PEMFC with modified combined flow field was studied and two equations were presented to predict the performance at 0.4V and 0.7V at the different altitudes of flight. The findings unveiled the point that in the cruise phase of the flight, low voltage is more suitable for PEMFC-driven UAV with modified combined flow field. All in all, modified combined flow field and low voltage are recommended to be utilized in PEMFCs as propulsion system of UAVs.