Energy Policy
Nazlı Ersoy
Abstract
The article presents an MCDM model based on the Improved Entropy and PIV methods to analyze the development of renewable energy in Nordic-Baltic countries. The analysis was conducted on eight alternatives and ten criteria, and sensitivity analysis was applied to assess the model's suitability. The impact ...
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The article presents an MCDM model based on the Improved Entropy and PIV methods to analyze the development of renewable energy in Nordic-Baltic countries. The analysis was conducted on eight alternatives and ten criteria, and sensitivity analysis was applied to assess the model's suitability. The impact of 34 different variations in criterion weights on the results was examined. The findings demonstrate that Norway emerges as the most appropriate alternative, and the smallest weight change required to alter the current ranking is 18.93%.
Energy Policy
Abolfazl Dehghanmongabadi; Zahra Tahmasbnia
Abstract
In recent decades, due to the increase in the urban population and the unbridled growth of urbanization, many efforts have been made to create livable cities by emphasizing the place of renewable energy in the sustainable transportation sector. Using clean, renewable, and sustainable energy resources ...
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In recent decades, due to the increase in the urban population and the unbridled growth of urbanization, many efforts have been made to create livable cities by emphasizing the place of renewable energy in the sustainable transportation sector. Using clean, renewable, and sustainable energy resources is needed to improve social, economic, and environmental health, leading to economic development and productivity. This research tries to clarify the importance of using renewable energy in the transportation sector. In this regard, the main goal of this research is to identify effective indicators and sustainable solutions with an emphasis on the use of renewable energy in the urban transportation sector. Also, in this research, an attempt has been made to answer the questions raised by carefully examining the existing studies based on the scoping review method. The findings show that the extracted influential indicators can be categorized into environmental, economic, and social indicators, which have a significant impact on the use of renewable energy in the transportation sector. Paying attention to this index can increase the amount of use of renewable energy and the amount of desirability of the effective use of urban transportation. Finally, suggestions for strengthening sustainable development in urban transportation systems with an emphasis on the use of renewable energy have been presented.
Energy Policy
Moslem Akbari Vakilabadi; Sadegh Nikbakht Naserabad; Alireza Binesh
Abstract
In this paper, it is determined exactly how much of the loss of exergy in a specify component is concerning the own component and how much of the exergy loss is due to the effects of the rest of the components on that component. In this new method of exergy analysis, at first, the exergy loss in a component ...
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In this paper, it is determined exactly how much of the loss of exergy in a specify component is concerning the own component and how much of the exergy loss is due to the effects of the rest of the components on that component. In this new method of exergy analysis, at first, the exergy loss in a component is classified as avoid. /unavoid categories. With this classification, it is possible to understand what quantity of the exergy loss of a component is eliminated by optimizing that component and how much of the exergy dissipation can never be eliminated and is related to the nature of the component. In the next classification, by categorizing the exergy loss into endo./exo., we can find out how much of the exergy destruction is due to the non-optimality of other components and has nothing to do with the component itself. Finally, the categories are divided into avoid-endo, unavoid-endo, avoid-exo and avoid-enxo. By performing this new method, the results demonstrate that the highest exergy destruction (1.976 MW) happens in the evaporator, 68% of which is unavoid-endo. exergy loss. The highest avoid. exergy loss relates to low pressure turbine (0.5791 MW). It is shown that optimizing of surrounding components of deaerator, economizers, and evaporators has a greater effect on decreasing the exergy dissipation of these own components, and the most Avoid. exergy destruction is in heat exchangers, pumps, condensers, turbines, expansion valves, reheaters, and superheaters.
Energy Policy
M. Ansari Manesh; E. Sarkardehee; S. Jafarian
Abstract
Human beings spend most of their time in indoor environments. A large part of people around the world work and live in urban areas. Economic productivity is an important goal of different buildings, especially office buildings. Various factors play a role in economic productivity, including reducing ...
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Human beings spend most of their time in indoor environments. A large part of people around the world work and live in urban areas. Economic productivity is an important goal of different buildings, especially office buildings. Various factors play a role in economic productivity, including reducing energy consumption, managerial programs, and increasing the personnel’s efficacy. Increasing attention to efficiency see day by day. Efficiency is a dependent variable i.e., it depends on the individual, environmental, and work conditions. In recent years, most offices pay attention to indoor environmental quality. Because the cost of hiring staff is higher than the cost of operating and maintaining a building. Thus, spending on improving the workplace is the most effective strategy to improve efficiency. This research seeks to study the effective factors on the efficiency of the employees through field studies. Environmental measurements of temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide were measured in office buildings (from February 4, 2012, to March 5, 2012). Physical measurements showed that, as these parameters increased, efficiency decreased.Then employees fill out the questionnaires (N=328) in the offices of Kermanshah city. An indoor environment is effective for public health. Having healthy indoor environments is a definite right of people. The results of this research showed that satisfaction with the thermal condition, thermal comfort, optimal thermal condition, suitable workplace, and high quality of the workplace are factors influencing efficiency. Providing desired thermal conditions and increasing the quality of the workplace have the highest and lowest effects on the efficiency of employees.
Energy Policy
M. Monfared; E. Hasani Alavy; M. Khanpoor Siahdarka; F. Rahnama
Abstract
In order to systematically reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in indoor space, it’s important to understand the building design strategies and air quality enhancement methods that set to mitigate this threat. This paper aims to introduce the different HVAC technologies used to mitigate the ...
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In order to systematically reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in indoor space, it’s important to understand the building design strategies and air quality enhancement methods that set to mitigate this threat. This paper aims to introduce the different HVAC technologies used to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in university settings in particular. Many of these technologies came to be as an outcome of scientific interest in the enhancement of indoor environmental quality. Thus, it is important to understand where airborne pathogens fit in the overall scheme of Indoor Air Health. Similarly, this paper set to reimagine architectural methods as solutions to the problem of airborne transmission of diseases. Based on the urgency of the problem and the demand of the market this paper discusses a summary of applicable technologies and strategies to combat airborne viruses, particularly COVID-19, in ventilation systems and enclosed spaces. By presenting an overview of the problem and the solutions that integrate engineering controls, design strategies and, indoor air sanitization techniques aim to create healthier indoor environments this paper aspires to move the research forward.
Energy Policy
M. Shiri Dezaki; Z. Zandian Sefiddashti; M. Jahangiri; A. Haghani; A. Tahmasebi
Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in late 2019 and its eventual transformation into a global pandemic caused a shock wave across countries. The renewable energy (RE) sector, which has always been one of the leading areas for promoting environmental sustainability, has not been spared from ...
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The outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in late 2019 and its eventual transformation into a global pandemic caused a shock wave across countries. The renewable energy (RE) sector, which has always been one of the leading areas for promoting environmental sustainability, has not been spared from the epidemic. The integration of the effects of the epidemic on the global economy and the fluctuation of oil prices due to global quarantines around the world increased the impact of this disease on the RE industry. Although the COVID-19 crisis has had a negative effect on efforts to develop RE, analysts believe that in the future, more of the world's energy needs will come from RE sources. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has claimed that RE consumption is likely to increase because people tend to have clean and sustainable energy sources such as wind, water, and solar energy more than before. In the present work, the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on environmental changes, energy consumption, the need to use RE, investments made in the field of RE, and the well-being of the people of the world are examined and details and results will be discussed. The main aim of the present work is to review the studies of researchers on the impact of COVID-19 disease on the environment and RE.
Energy Policy
Z. Molamohamadi; M.R. Talaei
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze and identify the most appropriate strategies to deploy solar energy in Iran. For this purpose, in a comprehensive framework of strategy development, the internal and external factors of general and specific environment were determined. Then, four different strategies, including ...
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This paper aims to analyze and identify the most appropriate strategies to deploy solar energy in Iran. For this purpose, in a comprehensive framework of strategy development, the internal and external factors of general and specific environment were determined. Then, four different strategies, including aggressive (strong expansion and development), conservative (maintaining, internal protection), competitive (maintaining, external protection), and defensive strategies (withdrawal, reduction of costs, ceasing on investment, joining another corporation), were considered using internal-external and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) matrices. According to the numerical results of the internal and external factor evaluations, which are 2.74 and 3.06 respectively, the aggressive strategies would be acceptable for Iran. However, since the location of these values in the internal-external matrix is close to the conservative cell, the effective strategy for the present condition of our country is a combination of aggressive and conservative strategies.
Energy Policy
M. Mohamadi Janaki; M. A. Sobhanallahi; A.R. Arshadi Khamseh
Abstract
The trend of the fourth industrial revolution in the field of energy, like other sectors, indicates that the path of production, development and approaches to energy use in the world is changing every day. This change can be seen in the growth of new energy production in developed countries by renewable ...
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The trend of the fourth industrial revolution in the field of energy, like other sectors, indicates that the path of production, development and approaches to energy use in the world is changing every day. This change can be seen in the growth of new energy production in developed countries by renewable energy. Owing to the global energy crisis all around the world and the exhaustible non-renewable energy resources, as well as increasing the pollution and green supply chain due to the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels, the need to use sustainable energy, especially In the industrial sector, which accounts for 40% of energy consumption in our country, has been paid attention to. The present study developed and prioritized green supply chain strategies with uncertainty over time under fuzzy conditions in Mobarakeh Steel Company. First, the internal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were identified based on theoretical foundations and experts’ opinion. Then, the green supply chain strategies of Mobarakeh Steel Company were developed using the SWOT method. Fuzzy ANP method was used for weighing the dimensions of sustainability while the TOPSIS and TODIM methods were used for weighing the strategies. The results indicated that among the indicators of sustainability, "social" indicator had the first rank, "environmental" indicator had the second rank, and "economic" indicator had the third rank. In addition, SO strategies had the first rank, ST strategies had the second rank, WO strategies had the third rank, WT strategies had the fourth rank.
Energy Policy
A. Aryanfar; A. Gholami; M. Pourgholi; M. Zandi Zandi; A. Khosravi
Abstract
The current work proposed a novel fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making method to assess the development potential of wind power plants in a country. Type-2 fuzzy logic was utilized to investigate the simultaneous effects of several technical criteria such as wind conditions, ambient temperature, ...
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The current work proposed a novel fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making method to assess the development potential of wind power plants in a country. Type-2 fuzzy logic was utilized to investigate the simultaneous effects of several technical criteria such as wind conditions, ambient temperature, and dust activities in a site. Iran was chosen as the case study, considering the various environmental conditions and the lack of thorough investigations in the country. The proposed method could be easily extended to apply to any region. The related technical data for all the 559 Synoptic meteorological stations in the country were collected and used as the inputs for the proposed method. Applying two-step interviews with local experts and reviewing the literature, the leading indicators and their effectiveness were defined. After developing the fuzzy rules and sets, all the sites were scored and ranked using type-2 fuzzy logic in the proposed method. Based on the final standings, priority tables were provided and the top fifty sites for implementing offshore and onshore wind power plants were introduced. Moreover, primary analysis of the collected data indicated that the provinces with high energy consumption and high PM 2.5 levels are in critical environmental conditions. Thus, these provinces need strict attention and planning for sustainable energy supply using renewable energy systems. Based on the results, several recommendations and suggestions were also mentioned to organize investment resources for a more efficient and proper power plant development as well as future studies.
Energy Policy
Sh. Nourifard
Abstract
In this article, three topics of wind energy science, wind energy engineering and wind energy policy of Iran have been discussed. Deciding on wind energy in the country requires comprehensive information in these three areas. Due to the increase in the capacity of renewable energy in neighboring countries ...
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In this article, three topics of wind energy science, wind energy engineering and wind energy policy of Iran have been discussed. Deciding on wind energy in the country requires comprehensive information in these three areas. Due to the increase in the capacity of renewable energy in neighboring countries and global energy transition, as well as the high potential of Iran in the field of renewable energy, especially wind energy, its culture in the country and the transfer of concepts in simple language is necessary.
Energy Policy
Seyed M. Mortazavi; S. Garoosi
Abstract
Energy plays an essential role in the economic and social development of all countries around the world, and its consumption is rising considerably due to the fast industrial development and increasing the standards of living. However, due to the high dependency on fossil fuel resources by all the developed ...
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Energy plays an essential role in the economic and social development of all countries around the world, and its consumption is rising considerably due to the fast industrial development and increasing the standards of living. However, due to the high dependency on fossil fuel resources by all the developed and developing countries around the world to cover their energy supply needs, fluctuations in supply and demand of energy as well as the energy prices would definitely lead to considerable macro- and micro-economic effects for both the energy exporter and importer countries. Therefore, the necessity of stability of economy and its understanding is becoming more and more popular among policy-makers and researchers around the world. As many energy consuming industries in Iran such as services and products are highly dependent on energy prices, understanding the economic robustness relationships with the supply and demand fluctuations of fossil fuel resources is important for the researchers and also policy-makers. In this paper, the effect of oil price fluctuations on several macro-economic parameters as well as energy sector’s resilience and electricity market as the main Iranian energy economics issues are discussed.