Electricity Generation by Green Energy Sources
Reza Alayi; Salam ollah Mohammadi-Aylar
Abstract
Today, policymakers are aware of the substantial advantages of renewable energies. From the point of view of national and regional decision-makers, the first priority of preparing a com-prehensive energy plan and the second priority of determining the share of renewable energy in the total energy production ...
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Today, policymakers are aware of the substantial advantages of renewable energies. From the point of view of national and regional decision-makers, the first priority of preparing a com-prehensive energy plan and the second priority of determining the share of renewable energy in the total energy production basket of the country is an essential step in the energy policy pro-cess. In choosing from various renewable energy options, environmental dimensions are com-bined with economic, technical, and social criteria, which shows the need to combine these crite-ria, the multi-criteria of the governing decision-making space, and policy-making. Multi-criteria decision-making techniques can play an important role in choosing the best solution and option. The statistical population of this study is eight cities in the case study. The renewable energy sources studied include wind, solar, water, geothermal, and biomass. First, the potential of re-newable energy for the study areas was identified. Then the two main criteria of sustainable de-velopment: economic criteria with 5 sub-criteria and environmental criteria with 3 sub-criteria were analyzed. Finally, using the Economic Analytic Network Process (ANP) sub criterion, the environmental sub-criterion of each of the weighted renewable energies was allocated. One of the essential results of this research is the income of 72868.8 $ from solar power in Ardabil. The cost of energy is $ 2.72 kWh. The lowest cost per unit of energy produced is related to Khalkhal geothermal energy at $ 0.144.
Low-carbon Technologies
F. Shateri Aliabad; Y. Ebazadeh; R. Alayi; I. Suwarno; A. Najafi; S. Ollah Mohammadi-Aylar
Abstract
In this research, technical and economic analysis of the use of storage devices in the hybrid system of wind and solar is performed with the aim of providing a maximum electrical load of residential buildings. To this aim, two scenarios of grid-connected and off-grid system have been studied. two parameters ...
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In this research, technical and economic analysis of the use of storage devices in the hybrid system of wind and solar is performed with the aim of providing a maximum electrical load of residential buildings. To this aim, two scenarios of grid-connected and off-grid system have been studied. two parameters of high reliability and cost per production capacity were used. According to these two parameters, due to the low cost of grid energy and the high cost of purchasing the second scenario cell was selected with the grid-connected system approach. Based on this system, the final generation that has a surplus of production sells the energy to the network and uses the network to supply the load when there is a lack of power to supply the load. According to the cases mentioned in the second scenario, more than 50% of the requested load is supplied by the photovoltaic cell, which indicates the high potential of the study area. For the selected system, the return on investment was 7.53 years, considering the cost of energy is 0.13 $/kWh
R. Alayi; Syed R. Seydnouri; M. Jahangeri; A. Maarif
Abstract
Given the decline of non-renewable energy sources, trying to find new technologies and ways to supply energy and reduce fuel consumption is one of the top priorities of the world. One of the new technologies is fuel cell technology, which has received very little attention in Iran so far, and there is ...
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Given the decline of non-renewable energy sources, trying to find new technologies and ways to supply energy and reduce fuel consumption is one of the top priorities of the world. One of the new technologies is fuel cell technology, which has received very little attention in Iran so far, and there is a need to study this technology more and more carefully, especially in combination with renewable energy sources in order to help energy decision-makers. Therefore, in the present work, for the first time, a hybrid wind-solar-fuel cell system for residential use in Yazd, located in the hot and dry climate of Iran, has been simulated using HOMER software. The aim is to find an optimal economic system to supply 15 kWh of electricity per day and to assess the impact of uncertainties, sensitivity analysis was performed on the intensity of solar radiation and wind speed. The simulation results show that the most economical system consists of a fuel cell, is based on wind turbine and solar cell, and has a total NPC, LCOE and LCOH of $ 23,674, $ 0.824 per kilowatt-hour, and $ 254.4 per kilogram, respectively. Also, not using the battery will lead to a 33.6 percent increase in the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated. For wind speeds of more than 8 meters per second, the results show that the optimal system with a fuel cell only includes wind turbines, and therefore increasing the intensity of solar radiation has no effect on the results.
Ravinder Kumar; Anand K. Bewoor; R. Alayi
Abstract
India’s rapid economic growth and change in lifestyle have increased the level of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in the country. Metropolitan cities in India are contributing a major portion (in lakhs metric tons per day) of MSW. It is only due to the lack of availability of poor infrastructure ...
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India’s rapid economic growth and change in lifestyle have increased the level of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in the country. Metropolitan cities in India are contributing a major portion (in lakhs metric tons per day) of MSW. It is only due to the lack of availability of poor infrastructure to handle MSW in the country. Also, the people ignorance towards to handle these waste is also a big challenge to handle this problem. The implementations of low-cost and user-friendly methods are the primary need to handle this kind of situation. It can be easily predicted that Kitchen waste (KW) is contributing a major portion in MSW and its ignorance towards disposing off is increasing environmental pollution day-by-day. It is the motivation of the present study and a comprehensive review of KW generation in India has been done. A study based on prefeasibility to handle KW is also done and based on that a feasible solution is provided to handle KW on waste to energy for sustainable new business investment opportunities in the present work. The proposed plan will not only reduce the level of MSW in the country but will also create a lot of opportunity for employment in the country for a future generation. The present work concludes that installation of this kind of pilot project in metropolitan cities is the present need for the development of the recycling industry sector using KW as a raw material in India.
R. Alayi; F. Jahanbin
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to supply the electricity required by renewable energies used by the photovoltaic cell, in this regard, have been using the type of crystal silicon photovoltaic cells. The used software with this regard is Homer. Homer is capable of simulating renewable energies to monitor ...
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The purpose of this research is to supply the electricity required by renewable energies used by the photovoltaic cell, in this regard, have been using the type of crystal silicon photovoltaic cells. The used software with this regard is Homer. Homer is capable of simulating renewable energies to monitor demand for loads. Electricity is generated by the Pv cell, but the energy produced in DC. While the energy required is alternating after the voltage converter is used for conversion. The storage will be used at times when there is no electricity produced by the PV cell or the production of electricity is higher than the demand, in this study the battery is considered a storage unit. The important results of this study can be attributed to the production of 15339 kW electricity by the Pv cell.
H. Pourderogar; H. Harasii; R. Alayi; Seyed H. Delbari; M. Sadeghzadeh; A.R. Javaherbakhsh
Abstract
This paper aims to determine the optimal performance characteristics of a solar tracking system in order to maximize the power generation through using the MOPSO algorithm. Considering the sun path during a day, the necessity of using solar tracking systems to achieve the maximum power output from photovoltaic ...
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This paper aims to determine the optimal performance characteristics of a solar tracking system in order to maximize the power generation through using the MOPSO algorithm. Considering the sun path during a day, the necessity of using solar tracking systems to achieve the maximum power output from photovoltaic (PV) panels has been investigated. The solar tracking system allows PV arrays to follow sunlight all day long. The unidirectional tracking system follows the sun path, thereby optimizing the angular motion of PV arrays relative to the sun resulting in higher power generation. To evaluate the performance of a PV system, the total solar radiation was calculated first for both fixed and unidirectional tracking systems. Analyzing the results indicates that for June 20th the power generation of the PV module equipped with a unidirectional tracker is 35% higher than the fixed PV module. The optimal value of the declination angle, Azimuth, and arrays’ tilting angles in a unidirectional tracking system calculated using the MOPSO algorithm are , and respectively.