Wind Energy
Cyrille Rodrigue Enone Ellah; Alban Fabrice Lionel Epée; Judith Francisca Ngbara Touafio; Cyrille Mezoue Adiang; Ruben Martin Mouangue
Abstract
This study aims to identify a favorable area for wind energy exploitation in the Littoral region of Cameroon. The study used data collected by the meteorological service at Douala International Airport. A probabilistic method based on the Weibull distribution with two parameters was used to assess the ...
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This study aims to identify a favorable area for wind energy exploitation in the Littoral region of Cameroon. The study used data collected by the meteorological service at Douala International Airport. A probabilistic method based on the Weibull distribution with two parameters was used to assess the potential of the study area. Three methods were used to determine the parameters of this distribution: the maximum likelihood method, the WAsP method, and the energy pattern factor method. Statistical tests showed that the energy pattern factor method is more efficient, but the WAsP software provided acceptable results. The WAsP software was used to generate maps of the mean wind speed and wind power density at different heights. Two specific wind turbines were considered to calculate the annual energy production. The topography of the study area, the obstructions around the logger, and the roughness of the terrain were all taken into account when generating the maps for the different characteristics. Finally, maps at heights of 50 and 100 m were created using extrapolation techniques. Two zones with the highest power density were identified. In one of these locations, the wind power density could reach 54 W/m2 at a height of 100 m and the annual electrical output from a specific wind turbine could reach 1 GWh. The corresponding location is located at latitude 4.0661° North and longitude 9.8796° East.
Energy Policy
A. Aryanfar; A. Gholami; M. Pourgholi; M. Zandi Zandi; A. Khosravi
Abstract
The current work proposed a novel fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making method to assess the development potential of wind power plants in a country. Type-2 fuzzy logic was utilized to investigate the simultaneous effects of several technical criteria such as wind conditions, ambient temperature, ...
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The current work proposed a novel fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making method to assess the development potential of wind power plants in a country. Type-2 fuzzy logic was utilized to investigate the simultaneous effects of several technical criteria such as wind conditions, ambient temperature, and dust activities in a site. Iran was chosen as the case study, considering the various environmental conditions and the lack of thorough investigations in the country. The proposed method could be easily extended to apply to any region. The related technical data for all the 559 Synoptic meteorological stations in the country were collected and used as the inputs for the proposed method. Applying two-step interviews with local experts and reviewing the literature, the leading indicators and their effectiveness were defined. After developing the fuzzy rules and sets, all the sites were scored and ranked using type-2 fuzzy logic in the proposed method. Based on the final standings, priority tables were provided and the top fifty sites for implementing offshore and onshore wind power plants were introduced. Moreover, primary analysis of the collected data indicated that the provinces with high energy consumption and high PM 2.5 levels are in critical environmental conditions. Thus, these provinces need strict attention and planning for sustainable energy supply using renewable energy systems. Based on the results, several recommendations and suggestions were also mentioned to organize investment resources for a more efficient and proper power plant development as well as future studies.
E. Guler; S. Yerel Kandemir
Abstract
Today, the use of renewable energy sources is increasing day by day. The essential advantages of wind energy are that it is clean, low cost, and unlimited. In this paper, the wind energy potential of provinces of the Marmara region in Turkey was evaluated by multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. ...
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Today, the use of renewable energy sources is increasing day by day. The essential advantages of wind energy are that it is clean, low cost, and unlimited. In this paper, the wind energy potential of provinces of the Marmara region in Turkey was evaluated by multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. In the study, TOPSIS and PROMETHEE methods were used for analysis criteria weights were determined by two different approaches. In the first approach, the criteria weights were taken equally. In the second approach, the criteria were weighted using the AHP method. When the methods were applied by taking the criteria weights equally, Balıkesir and Çanakkale were determined as wind priority provinces in potential, while Kocaeli and Sakarya took the last rank. After the criteria weights were determined via AHP when TOPSIS and PROMETHEE methods were applied, Balıkesir ranked first, and Kocaeli ranked last. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient determined the level and direction of the relationship between the rankings obtained from TOPSIS and the PROMETHEE method. When the methods were applied, the value of “0.636” indicated that the relationship between the rankings was “positive” and “moderate”. When the criteria were weighted with AHP and the methods were applied, the correlation coefficient was obtained as “0.909”. This value indicated a “positive” and “very high” level of relationship. It was determined that the ranking results obtained when the methods were applied after the criterion weights were calculated with AHP were more supportive of each other.
S. Yerel Kandemir; M. Ozgur Yayli; Emin Acikkalp
Abstract
Renewable energy is one of the sustainable energy sources, the use of which has increased considerably in recent years. Today, wind energy is an essential renewable energy source that does not have a depletion problem. In this study, electricity generation from wind energy and installed power capacity ...
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Renewable energy is one of the sustainable energy sources, the use of which has increased considerably in recent years. Today, wind energy is an essential renewable energy source that does not have a depletion problem. In this study, electricity generation from wind energy and installed power capacity in Turkey were examined. First, the data set of electrical energy production (GWh) and installed power capacity (MW) between 2010 and 2019 was used. Then, electrical energy generation and installed power capacity were evaluated with trend analysis. Three different models were used in trend analysis, and the results obtained from these models were evaluated with MAPE, MAD, and MSD. Finally, the most suitable models for electric power generation and installed power capacity were determined by evaluating the results.
M.R. Amirrud; M. Shahin
Abstract
Wind energy is considered as a precious replacement for fossil fuels in electricity generation. In this regard, many governments (e.g. Iran) tend to support development of this type of renewable energy source. However, fluctuations in Iran’s economic conditions and uncertainty in available wind ...
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Wind energy is considered as a precious replacement for fossil fuels in electricity generation. In this regard, many governments (e.g. Iran) tend to support development of this type of renewable energy source. However, fluctuations in Iran’s economic conditions and uncertainty in available wind power increase the risk of investment. In this investigation a methodology is used to address the uncertainty in wind conditions using probability of occurrence of minimum wind speed. In addition, a feasibility study is considered for economic assessment of establishing a wind turbine power plant in Kerman province, Iran. A sensitivity analysis is developed to analyze the effect of changes in inflation and currency rates on the project economic viability. Results show that the proposed site enjoys excellent wind power potential with respect to wind power density of 971.4 W/m2 at 100 meters height. Economic analysis indicates that the project is viable when its budget is supplied through governmental resources (providing US dollar at governmental rate). However, sensitivity analysis reveals that the project is no longer viable when its budget is supplied through foreign exchange market (providing US dollar at market currency rate). Therefore, this paper suggests that if government tends to support development of wind energy in Iran, it is necessary to either provide the project budget by governmental resources (4200 T/$) or buy electricity higher than 1391.6 T/kWh (845.6 T/kWh more than current feed-in-tariff). Furthermore, nonlinear relationship between net present value (NPV) and inflation shows that reduction in inflation can significantly improve the investment payoff.
Wind Energy
RSR Gorla; M. K. Pallikonda; G. Walunj
Abstract
In the developed world, energy is one of the major factors and research is focusing on renewable energy. The global warming, CO2, NOX and limited fossil fuel are the research areas that are important. Renewable energy may be generated by wind, water, wave, solar and biomass. In this article, we are studying ...
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In the developed world, energy is one of the major factors and research is focusing on renewable energy. The global warming, CO2, NOX and limited fossil fuel are the research areas that are important. Renewable energy may be generated by wind, water, wave, solar and biomass. In this article, we are studying the wind energy availability for Cleveland, Ohio area. A statistical method using the Rayleigh probability distribution function is used to estimate the mean wind speed and thus calculate the annual energy output from a windmill. Furthermore, the annual energy output calculated from Rayleigh PDF is compared with the actual energy output from the observed historical data for the period 2009-2018