Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Assistant Professor , School Of Architecture And Urban Design , Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University , Tehran , iran.
2 M.A. Student In Architecture , Institute for Higher Education ACECR Khouzestan, Ahvaz
3 Instructor. In Architecture , Institute for Higher Education ACECR Khouzestan , Ahvaz , Iran.
4 M.A. Student In Architecture , Institute for Higher Education ACECR Khouzestan, Ahvaz , Iran
Abstract
In hot and semi-humid climates, natural ventilation plays a crucial role in enhancing indoor environmental quality. Atriums are recognized as architectural elements that facilitate daylight penetration and airflow, yet they remain underutilized in such climatic conditions. Inefficient air circulation in upper floors and uneven airflow distribution in surrounding corridors highlight the need to reconsider ventilation design strategies. This study aims to improve natural ventilation performance in atrium-adjacent corridors by exploring architectural interventions that enhance airflow patterns and thermal comfort. Independent variables included the number and arrangement of spatial elements, while dependent variables comprised airflow velocity, movement patterns, and indoor temperature. Empirical data were collected from the Central Library of Khuzestan Province between October 25 and November 25. Geometric modeling was conducted in SpaceClaim, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent R3 2019. Among eleven design scenarios, Model 11 featuring inlet windows in stair cores and outlet vents on the second-floor ceiling demonstrated superior performance. Airflow velocity increased to 1.907 m/s, indoor temperature decreased to 302.57 K, and airflow uniformity was significantly improved. Significant improvements were also observed in outlet flux and turbulence intensity, while thermal comfort indices (PMV, PPD) confirmed acceptable comfort range according to ASHRAE standards. These interventions are cost-effective, easy to install, and applicable to existing buildings.
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